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class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" 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href="/pages/2dcfa1/" class="nav-link">算法</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="数据库" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">数据库</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/efa3f2/" class="nav-link">基础篇</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ccc445/" class="nav-link">MySql</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/54616e/" class="nav-link">Redis</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="嵌入式软件开发" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">嵌入式软件开发</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d142c2/" class="nav-link">电子嵌入式通信协议</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/4c6bf3/" class="nav-link">深入浅出SSD</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d3f36a/" class="nav-link">文件系统</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e0cca7/" class="nav-link">汇编语言</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fab2d7/" class="nav-link">STM32</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="开发日常" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">开发日常</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e472d1/" class="nav-link">随笔（持续更新）</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/71f6ae/" class="nav-link">Git知识总结</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/db6fb8/" class="nav-link">Git备忘清单</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e1081f/" class="nav-link">Git 创建删除远程分支</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/777b8a/" class="nav-link">nvm使用小结</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ee770e/" class="nav-link">虚拟机固定 IP 地址</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1ab9a6/" class="nav-link">Shell 脚本学习笔记</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/411aa4/" class="nav-link">VScode 插件 CodeGeeX 使用教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/0d525d/" class="nav-link">KylinV10 将项目上传至 Github教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/907786/" class="nav-link">KylinV10 安装 MySQL 教程（可防踩雷）</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a2d21e/" class="nav-link">kylinV10-SP1 安装 QT</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b561cf/" class="nav-link">高并发内存池</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/6ab6d1/" class="nav-link">USBGUARD 项目编译环境配置</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/883f02/" class="nav-link">Power_Destory 项目</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/479472/" class="nav-link">U 盘清除工具编译教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/9c4241/" class="nav-link">个人博客代码推送教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/3ad765/" class="nav-link">SVN Trunk Branches的Merge操作</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/0c0ca8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="前端学习" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">前端学习</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/99897f/" class="nav-link">HTML与CSS</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/51542d/" class="nav-link">JS学习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/803f9d/" class="nav-link">Vue3入门</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ca4cfb/" class="nav-link">Vue3进阶</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/50e8d3/" class="nav-link">黑马Vue3</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="MFC" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">MFC</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a4b108/" class="nav-link">MFC编程随记</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/41acbd/" class="nav-link">MFC实现ini配置文件的读取</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/951a7a/" class="nav-link">MFC实现点击列表头排序</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a8598f/" class="nav-link">贴图法美化Button按钮</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/054516/" class="nav-link">MFC使用细节</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="闪存" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">闪存</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b925b8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fa256e/" class="nav-link">博客搭建</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/335531/" class="nav-link">网站收藏箱</a></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>电子嵌入式通信协议</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>深入浅出SSD</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>文件系统</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>汇编语言</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/e0cca7/" class="sidebar-link">第1章 基础知识</a></li><li><a href="/pages/83f7c6/" class="sidebar-link">第2章 寄存器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/5b37e7/" class="sidebar-link">第3章 寄存器(内存访问)</a></li><li><a href="/pages/0de2e7/" class="sidebar-link">第4章 第一个程序</a></li><li><a href="/pages/3c15b6/" class="sidebar-link">第5章 [BX]和loop指令</a></li><li><a href="/pages/28af3e/" class="sidebar-link">第6章 包含多个段的程序</a></li><li><a href="/pages/3fa191/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">第7章 更灵活的定位内存地址的方法</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-1-and-和-or-指令" class="sidebar-link">7.1 and 和 or 指令</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-1-1-and-指令" class="sidebar-link">7.1.1 and 指令</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-1-2-or-指令" class="sidebar-link">7.1.2 or 指令</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-2-以字符的形式给出数据" class="sidebar-link">7.2 以字符的形式给出数据</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-3-大小写转换的问题" class="sidebar-link">7.3 大小写转换的问题</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-4-bx-idata" class="sidebar-link">7.4 [bx+idata]</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-5-si-和-di" class="sidebar-link">7.5 SI 和 DI</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-6-bx-si-和-bx-di" class="sidebar-link">7.6 [bx+si] 和 [bx+di]</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-7-bx-si-idata-和-bx-di-idata" class="sidebar-link">7.7 [bx+si+idata] 和 [bx+di+idata]</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3fa191/#_7-8-不同的寻址方式的灵活应用" class="sidebar-link">7.8 不同的寻址方式的灵活应用</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/pages/ae9541/" class="sidebar-link">第8章 数据处理的两个基本问题</a></li><li><a href="/pages/2bda87/" class="sidebar-link">第9章 转义指令</a></li><li><a href="/pages/bfb503/" class="sidebar-link">第10章 CALL和RET指令</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>STM32</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>嵌入式软件开发</span></li><li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>汇编语言</span></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>霜晨月</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2024-07-24</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">第7章 更灵活的定位内存地址的方法<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h1 id="第7章-更灵活的定位内存地址的方法"><a href="#第7章-更灵活的定位内存地址的方法" class="header-anchor">#</a> 第7章 更灵活的定位内存地址的方法</h1> <h2 id="_7-1-and-和-or-指令"><a href="#_7-1-and-和-or-指令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.1 and 和 or 指令</h2> <h3 id="_7-1-1-and-指令"><a href="#_7-1-1-and-指令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.1.1 and 指令</h3> <p>and 指令：逻辑与指令，只有全为1，才为1</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>mov al，01100011B
and  al,   00111011B
------------------------
结果 al = 00100011B
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>通过该指令可将操作对象的相应位设为0，其他位不变。</p> <p>例如：</p> <ul><li>将 al 的第 6 位设为 0 的指令是：and al,10111111B</li> <li>将 al 的第 7 位设为 0 的指令是：and al,01111111B</li> <li>将 al 的第 0 位设为 0 的指令是：and al,11111110B</li></ul> <h3 id="_7-1-2-or-指令"><a href="#_7-1-2-or-指令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.1.2 or 指令</h3> <p>or 指令：逻辑或指令，只用全为 0，才为 0</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>mov al,01100011B
or     al,00111011B
---------------------
结果al=01111011B
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>通过该指令可将操作对象的相应位设为1，其他位不变。</p> <p>例如：</p> <ul><li>将 al 的第 6 位设为 1 的指令是：or al,10111111B</li> <li>将 al 的第 7 位设为 1 的指令是：or al,01111111B</li> <li>将 al 的第 0 位设为 1 的指令是：or al,11111110B</li></ul> <h2 id="_7-2-以字符的形式给出数据"><a href="#_7-2-以字符的形式给出数据" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.2 以字符的形式给出数据</h2> <p>在汇编程序中，可用‘......’的方式指明数据是以字符的形式给出的，编辑器会将它们转化为相应的 ASCII 码。</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>assume cs:code,ds:data
data segment
	db 'unIX'
	db 'foRK'
data ends
code segment
	start:mov al,'a'
		mov bl,'b'
		mov ax,4c00h
		int 21h
code ends
end start
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><ul><li><code>db 'unIX'</code> 相当于 <code>db 75H,6EH,49H,58H</code>，<code>u</code> 、<code>n</code>、 <code>I</code>、 <code>X</code> 的 ASCII 码分别为 75H、6EH、49H、58H；</li> <li><code>db 'foRK'</code> 相当于 <code>db 66H,6FH,52H,4BH</code>，<code>f</code> 、<code>o</code>、 <code>R</code>、 <code>K</code> 的 ASCII 码分别为 66H、6FH、52H、4BH；</li> <li><code>mov al,'a'</code> 相当于 <code>mov al,61H</code>，<code>a</code> 的 ASCII 码为 61H；</li> <li><code>mov bl,'b'</code> 相当于 <code>mov al,62H</code>，<code>b</code>  的 ASCII 码分别为 62H；</li></ul> <h2 id="_7-3-大小写转换的问题"><a href="#_7-3-大小写转换的问题" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.3 大小写转换的问题</h2> <p>考虑如下问题：在 codesg 中填写代码，将 datasg 中的第一个字符串转化为大写，第二个字符串转化为小写。</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>assume cs:codesg,ds:datasg
datasg sement
	db 'BaSiC'
	db 'iNfOrMaTiOn'
datasg ends
codesg segment
start:
codesg ends
end start
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>思路：要改变一个字母的大小，实际就是改变它所对应的 ASCII 码。找到 ASCII 码规律，发现小写字母比大写字母的 ASCII 码值大 20H。所以，将 &quot;a&quot; 的 ASCII 码值减去 20H，就可以得到 &quot;A&quot;，反之亦然。要注意的是，对于 'BaSiC' 字符串，只需对小写进行减 20H 处理，其他的大写字母不进行处理。对于 'iNfOrMaTiOn' 字符串则反之。</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.70a7xe4tsx.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p>但是，程序还有一个前提，必须能够判断一个字母是大写还是小写。但是根据目前所学，还没有接触到可以实现这个功能的指令，所以继续观察上图，找 ASCII 码值的规律，可发现，大写字母和小写字母的其他位都一样，只是大写字母的 ASCII 码值第 5 位为 0，小写字母为 1。所以，我们只需将字母的 ASCII 码值第 5 位 置为0，则变成大写字母，置为1，则变成小写字母。</p> <p>这个操作则刚好可以使用我们前面所学的 or and 指令。</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>assume cs:codesg,ds:datasg
datasg segment
	db 'BaSiC'
	db 'iNfOrMaTiOn'
datasg ends
codesg segment
start:mov ax,datasg
	mov ds,ax			;设置 ds 指向 datasg 段
	mov bx,0			;设置(bx)=0,ds:bx指向 'BaSiC' 的第一个字母
	mov cx,5			;设置循环次数5，因为 'BaSiC' 有5个字母
s:mov al,[bx]			    ;将 ASCII 码从 ds:bx 所指向的单元中取出
	and al,11011111B	 ;将 al 中的 ASCII 码的第5位置为0，变为大写字母
	mov [bx],al			  ;将转变后的 ASCII 码协会原单元
	inc bx				;(bx)加1，ds:bx 指向下一个字母
	loop s
	mov bx,5			;设置(bx)=5,ds:bx 指向 iNfOrMaTiOn' 的第一个字母
	mov cx,11			;置循环次数11，因为 'iNfOrMaTiOn' 有11个字母
s0:mov al,[bx]
	or al,00100000B		   ;将 al 中的 ASCII 码的第5位置为1，变为小写字母
	mov [bx],al
	inc bx
	loop s0
	mov ax,4c00h
	int 21h
codesg ends
end start
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_7-4-bx-idata"><a href="#_7-4-bx-idata" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.4 [bx+idata]</h2> <p><code>[bx+idata]</code> 表示一个内存单元，它的偏移地址为<code>(bx) + idata</code> 。</p> <p><code>mov ax,[bx+200]</code> 的含义：将一个内存单元的内容送入 ax，这个内存单元的长度为2个字节（字单元），存放一个字，偏移地址为 bx 中的数值加上200，段地址在 ds 中。</p> <p>数字描述为：<code>(ax) = ((bx)*16 + (bx) + 200)</code></p> <p>也可写成如下格式（常用）：</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>mov ax,[200+bx]
mov ax,200[bx]
mov ax,[bx].200
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><p>用 [bx+idata] 的方式重新实现大小写转换的问题，因为 datasg 段中的两个字符串一个起始地址为0，另一个起始地址为5。将这两个字符串视为两个数组，一个从0地址开始，一个从5开始存放。那么就可以用 [0+bx] 和 [5+bx] 或者 0[bx] 和 5[bx] 来表示。</p> <p>改进程序如下：</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>	mov ax,datasg
	mov ds,ax
	mov bx,0
	mov cx,5
s:	  mov al,[bx]		;定位第一个字符串中的字符
	and al,11011111b
	mov [bx],al
	mov al,[5+bx]	    ;定位第二个字符串中的字符
	or al,00100000b
	mov [5+bx],al
	inc bx
	loop s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>或者如下：</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>	mov ax,datasg
	mov ds,ax
	mov bx,0
	mov cx,5
s:	  mov al,0[bx]		;定位第一个字符串中的字符
	and al,11011111b
	mov 0[bx],al
	mov al,5[bx]	    ;定位第二个字符串中的字符
	or al,00100000b
	mov [5+bx],al
	inc bx
	loop s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>如果使用高级语言，比如C语言，大致如下：</p> <div class="language-C line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code><span class="token keyword">char</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;BaSiC&quot;</span>
<span class="token keyword">char</span> b<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;MinIX&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">do</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&amp;</span> <span class="token number">0xDF</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        b<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> b<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">0x20</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_7-5-si-和-di"><a href="#_7-5-si-和-di" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.5 SI 和 DI</h2> <p>si 和 di 是与 bx 功能相近的寄存器，si 和di 不能够分成两个8为寄存器来使用，下面是3组指令实现了相同的功能</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.wifwbmmry.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <blockquote><p>问题 7.2：用 si 和 di 实现将字符串 'welcome to masm!' 复制到它后面的数据区中</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>assume cs:codesg,ds:datasg
datasg segment
	db 'welcome to masm!'
	db '................'
datasg ends
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>用 ds:si 指向要复制的源始字符串，ds:di 指向复制的目的空间</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>codesg segment
start: mov ax,datasg
	 mov si,0
	 mov di,16
  s:     mov ax,[si]
  	   mov [di],ax
  	   add si,2
  	   add di,2
  	   loop s
  	   mov ax,4c00h
  	   int 21h
codesg ends
end start
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>在程序中，用 16 位寄存器进行内存单元之间的数据传送，一次复制2个字节，一共循环8次</p> <p>用更少的代码实现：利用 [bx(si或di)+idata] 的方式</p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>codesg segment
start: mov ax,datasg
	 mov ds,ax
	 mov si,0
	 mov cx,8
  s:     mov ax,0[si]
  	   mov 16[si],ax
  	   add si,2
  	   loop s
  	   mov ax,4c00h
  	   int 21h
codesg ends
end start
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div></blockquote> <h2 id="_7-6-bx-si-和-bx-di"><a href="#_7-6-bx-si-和-bx-di" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.6 [bx+si] 和 [bx+di]</h2> <p>[bx+si] 表示一个内存单元，偏移地址为 (bx)+(si)即 bx 中的数值加上 si 中的数值。</p> <p>mov ax,[bx+si] 的含义如下：将一个内存单元的内容送入 ax，这个内存单元的长度为2个字节（字单元），存放一个字，偏移地址为 bx 中的数值加上 si 中的数值，段地址在 ds 中。</p> <p>数学化描述为：(ax) = ((ds)*16+(bx)+(si))</p> <p>也可写成如下格式（常用）：<code>mov ax,[bx][si]</code></p> <h2 id="_7-7-bx-si-idata-和-bx-di-idata"><a href="#_7-7-bx-si-idata-和-bx-di-idata" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.7 [bx+si+idata] 和 [bx+di+idata]</h2> <p>[bx+si+idata] 表示一个内存单元，偏移地址为 (bx)+(si)+idata 即 bx 中的数值加上 si 中的数值再加上idata。</p> <p>mov ax,[bx+si+idata] 的含义如下：将一个内存单元的内容送入 ax，这个内存单元的长度为2个字节（字单元），存放一个字，偏移地址为 bx 中的数值加上 si 中的数值再加上idata，段地址在 ds 中。</p> <p>数学化描述为：(ax) = ((ds)*16+(bx)+(si)+idata)</p> <p>也可写成如下格式（常用）：</p> <ul><li><code>mov ax,[bx+200+si]</code></li> <li><code>mov ax,[200+bx+si]</code></li> <li><code>mov ax,200[bx][si]</code></li> <li><code>mov ax,[bx].200[si]</code></li> <li><code>mov ax,[bx][si].200</code></li></ul> <h2 id="_7-8-不同的寻址方式的灵活应用"><a href="#_7-8-不同的寻址方式的灵活应用" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.8 不同的寻址方式的灵活应用</h2> <ol><li>[idata] 用一个常量表示地址，可用于直接定位一个内存单元；</li> <li>[bx] 用一个变量表示地址，可用于直接定位一个内存单元；</li> <li>[bx+idata] 用一个变量和常量表示地址，可在一个起始地址的基础上用变量间接定位一个内存单元；</li> <li>[bx+si] 用两个变量表示地址；</li> <li>[bx+si+idata]用两个变量和一个常量表示地址。</li></ol> <blockquote><p>问题 7.6</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.45hjt0re91.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p></blockquote> <p>6个字符串，每个长度均为16个字节，因为是连续存放的，可将这6个字符串看成一个6行16列的二维数组。</p> <p>需要修改每一个单词的第一个字母，即二维数组的每一行的第4列（相对于行首的偏移地址为3）</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.1ovbe3lpiq.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <div class="language-asm line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>	mov ax,datasg
	mov ds,ax
	mov bx,0
	mov cx,6
s:	  mov al,[bx+3]
	and al11011111b
	mov [bx+3],al
	add bx,16
	loop s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">2024/7/24 16:18:08</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/28af3e/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">第6章 包含多个段的程序</div></a> <a href="/pages/ae9541/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-next"><div class="tooltip">第8章 数据处理的两个基本问题</div></a></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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